Alopecia X Also Known As: Adrenal sex hormone imbalance, growth hormone responsive dermatosis
脫毛症 X亦稱為：腎上腺性赫爾蒙失衡、成長性赫爾蒙反應皮膚炎
Transmission or Cause: An incompletely understood disorder often associated with abnormal levels of sex hormones (i.e. progesterone, estradiol, testosterone) orginating from the adrenal glands. Additionally, dysfunctional hormonal receptors on hair follicles likely play a role.
傳遞方式或起因：為一尚未被完全了解的疾病，通常與源自腎上腺赫爾蒙的性赫爾蒙分泌不正常有關聯（例如：黃體激素、雌激素、睪丸激素）。此外，毛囊中不正常的赫爾蒙受體扮演相當重要的角色。
Affected Animals: Most common in young adult dogs of plush-coated arctic breeds such as Pomeranians, Chows, Keeshonds, Samoyeds, Huskies, and miniature poodles.
常見患有此疾病之動物：最常見於雙層毛品種的年輕成犬，例如：博美、鬆師犬、荷蘭毛獅犬、薩摩耶犬、哈士奇與迷你貴賓。
Clinical Signs: Gradually progressive, symmetrical, nonpruritic, and non-inflammatory hair loss on the trunk, tail, thighs, and neck which spares the head and front legs. Hair loss initially involves the guard hairs, leaving a woolly puppy coat. Exposed skin may become darkened and scaly. No systemic signs of disease are seen.
臨床症狀：身體軀幹、大腿與頸間逐漸、漸進、對稱式、非搔癢性與非炎性的脫毛，只有頭部與前腳倖免。脫毛一開始只會出現在外層護毛，剩下柔軟的幼犬披毛。暴露的皮膚可能會變黑與乾燥脫皮。無全身症狀。
Diagnosis: Alopecia X is diagnosed based on clinical signs and blood tests to rule other causes of hair loss such as hypothyroidism, Cushing's disease, or elevated sex hormones from testicular or ovarian sources. Skin biopsy reveals non-specific changes consistent with hormonal disease such as thinning of the skin and atrophy of hair follicles and glands. Measurement of adrenal sex hormones can be performed (pre- and post- ACTH stimulation test), but can be difficult to interpret.
診斷：脫毛 X 症的診斷必須先根據臨床症狀與血檢結果排除其他造成脫毛的原因，例如甲狀腺低下、庫辛式症，或是毛囊或源自卵巢之性赫爾蒙抗進。皮膚切片結果顯示無特異性異常，並與赫爾蒙疾病一致，例如皮膚變薄與毛囊萎縮。可以量測腎上腺性赫爾蒙（pre- and post- ACTH stimulation test 腎上腺激素刺激檢驗），但測量結果的判讀困難。
Treatment: Alopecia X is a cosmetic disorder which often does not warrant aggressive treatment. Neutering of intact dogs is recommended and often causes temporary or permanent hair regrowth due to alteration of hormonal levels. Medical treatment options which can cause hair regrowth in some animals include: melatonin, trilostane, and lysodren. Less commonly used drugs include: growth hormone, methyltestosterone, prednisone, and lupron. Many of these drugs can have adverse side effects and should be used under careful supervision of a veterinarian.
治療：脫毛X症為美容性的疾病，並無保證有效之治療方式。通常會建議先幫未絕育 之犬隻絕育，毛髮會因為赫爾蒙分泌改變暫時或永久長回。可讓部分犬隻毛髮長回之治療方式包含：褪黑激素、 trilostane 與 lysodren 等抑制腎上腺的藥物。叫不常見之用藥包含：生長赫爾蒙、甲基化雄性素、prednisone（皮質激素）與 lupron（促性腺激素）。許多這些藥物都有嚴重副作用，且應在獸醫謹慎指示下用藥。
Prognosis: The prognosis for hair growth is unpredictable, but this is a cosmetic disorder which does not affect the dog's quality of life.
預後：毛髮生長的預後無法預期，但這只是美容方面的疾病，並不會影響狗狗的生活品質。
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Pomeranian in Alopecia X
